All experienced a latent period indicating that the integrated exogenous genes did not influence proliferation efficiency. After numerous passages, reduced cell morphologic diversity might contribute to fibroblast-like cell proliferation and different cell cycles under culture conditions. The efficiency of SCNT for the production of cloned animals in large batches is critically dependent on the source of the donor nucleus. In the present study, exogenous genes were transfected into gADSCs and gMDSCs using the liposome method. The transient transfection efficiencies of these two cell types were similar at 48 h after transfection, whereas the clone formation efficiency of gADSCs–pDsRed2-1 and gMDSCs–pDsRed2-1 was approximately 30% higher than that of gFFCs– pDsRed2-1 on G418 screening after 10 d; thus, the accuracy of transgenic cell screening was greatly improved. Furthermore, we observed low cytotoxicity and only marginal alterations of gADSC and gMDSC morphology after transfection, with no effects on cell properties such as response to chemicals and SU5416 pattern of gene expression. The sensitivity of mammalian cells to G418 concentration is related to the species and to cell type and growth state. Compared with gFFCs, gMDSCs are more sensitive to G418, thereby reducing the quantity of G418 required for selection. Furthermore, the exogenous genes did not affect the growth rate or pluripotency of the transfected cells. Low cloning efficiency has hampered the production of cloned animals. Several reports have indicated that the type of donor cell can affect the birth rate. In mice, an appropriate interaction between cell type and genotype can improve cloning efficiency. Coordination of donor cell type and cell cycle stage can maximize the overall cloning efficiency. In buffalos, cumulus cells are a more efficient nuclear donor for SCNT than fibroblasts. In rabbits, embryos reconstructed with fresh cumulus cells have a more efficient Trichostatin A 58880-19-6 developmental potential than those reconstructed with fetal fibroblasts both in vivo and in vitro. However, comparisons show that adult cells of any type are inferior to fetal fibroblasts in terms of reconstructed embryo development. Our results reconfirmed the fact that the type of donor somatic cell is critical for determining developmental competence. Moreover, these results further confirm that gADSCs and gMDSCs are more efficient as donor cells in SCNT for the cloning of Arbas cashmere goats. The convergence and cleavage rates of transgenic embryos derived from gADSCs or gMDSCs were higher than those of transgenic embryos derived from gFFCs after in vitro culture, whereas the eight cell and blastocyst rates were similar. Studies conducted in transgenic pigs by Faast et al. in 2006 demonstrated that the use of pig bone marrow stem cells as SCNT donor cells did not improve the cleavage rate of cloned embryos compared with fibroblasts derived from the same pig, whereas the blastocyst rate was twofold greater than that of cloned embryos derived from fibroblasts. These data are not in accordance with those of our study and it can be speculated that this difference may be attributed to species differences and different epigenetic patterns affecting production. Impaired fetal growth can have devastating effects on subsequent infant growth, survival and neurocognitive development.