The expressions of another pro-fibrogenic growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor subunit B, and its receptor, were also decreased in the Solithromycin celltransplanted groups. Matrix metalloproteinase which relates to matrix degradation, were up-regulated in the celltransplanted groups. While, the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase were down-regulated in those groups. An enhanced antifibrogenic effect was observed in the group treated with HD cultured cells. To explain this phenomenon, we first detected distribution of the injected cells in the liver 4 weeks after cell transplantation. As shown in Fig. 5, CM-DiL-labeled cells were observed in the liver, with a greater number of cells observed in the HD cultured group, indicating that more HD cultured cells homed to the liver and survived. Interestingly, the majority of transplanted cells were observed around the portal tracts, fibrous septa, and hepatic sinusoids in both the HD and RD groups. In accordance with the IHC staining, less collagen I ML264 staining was observed in the HD group than in the RD group. It has been widely observed that transplanted cells stimulate liver regeneration through promoting the proliferation of resident hepatocytes. Liver weights and liver/body weight ratios measured at weeks post-treatment showed a higher liver weights and liver/ body weight ratios in the cell-transplanted groups compare to those in the PBS-treated group. We further performed IHC staining of Ki-67 in the liver sections. More Ki-67 positive cells were observed in the HD group compared with the RD and PBS groups. Because cells in the HD culture expressed higher levels of HGF, expression of HGF in the liver tissue was examined 4 weeks after cell transplantation. As expected, a higher level of HGF expression was observed in the HD group compared with the other groups. In many organs, neovascularization has been demonstrated to be crucial to the healing of injured tissues, which involves mature endothelial cells and EPCs. In many ways, the liver��s response to injury involves neovascularization, including new vessel formation and sinusoid remodeling.