In this study, we demonstrate that FA crosses the placental barrier from the maternal to the fetalcirculation. This passage induces adverse effects on trophoblasts, including defective hormone production, induction of oxidative stress, and abnormal trophoblast differentiation, effects consistent with spontaneous abortion and adverse pregnancy out comes observed in exposed populations. Our findings have major public health implications, particularly for pregnant women working or living in environments rich in FA. Most immunogenicity studies on PfEMP1 concern PfEMP1-Var2CSA, the variant adhesin that promotes sequestration in the placenta of pregnant women. Different expression systems have been explored to produce single domain or multi domain constructs. Apart from immunization using DNA constructs, responses elicited by recombinant proteins were variable, with a wide range of titres, variable proportions of immunised animals producing cytoadherence-inhibiting antibodies and discordant results in different species of laboratory animals. Systematic immunogenicity studies are scarce for rosette-forming PfEMP1 adhesins. Recently, immunization data in groups of three rats showed substantial variability of ELISA titres but consistent production of surface reacting antibodies. Ghumra et al. immunised groups of two rabbits to produce antibodies against each individual domain of PfEMP1 IT4var9/R29 variant protein, which promotes rosetting and adhesion to human brain vascular endothelium cells in vitro, and reported inter-animal variability with regard to iRBC surface Manidipine dihydrochloride reactivity. Here, we use the model of the rosette-forming PfEMP1-VarO adhesin to explore the immunogenicity of the individual domains in outbred and inbred mice and for the adhesion domain, in the rabbit as well. The PfEMP1-VarO extracellular domain has 5DBL domains and one CIDR domain. We YM201636 compare the immunogenicity of some recombinant PfEMP1 domains produced in different expression systems. We analyse the dynamics of antibody production in individual BALB/c and outbred mice immunised using a uniform regimen.