Thus, we report a combinatorial approach to identifying targets of Ey and Hh, Dpp or N. We are using Illumina whole transcriptome mRNA sequencing and Tubulin Acetylation Inducer Agilent 4644 k whole genome expression arrays to dissect the Drosophila eye gene network and identify genes that are co-regulated by Ey and/or by the Dpp, Hh or N signaling pathways. Our mRNASeq analyses have revealed that 2,841 genes are upregulated at least 3-fold in wing precursors across 7 different genotypes investigated; 341 of these genes were validated by Agilent array. Unsupervised principal component analysis and 2- way hierarchical clustering analysis suggests that coexpression of Ey+Hh in the wing disc activates expression of genes in a pattern closest to that of a wild-type eye. Analysis of Gene Ontology data reveals that Ey functions together with the signaling pathways to activate expression of genes previously known to be important for eye development, as well as of genes with previously determined roles in neural differentiation and function, but for which a role in eye development has not previously been described. However, most of the candidate targets have unknown functions. Finally, we have shown that the predicted gene CG4721, which was identified by our transcriptomics approach, has a previously unknown function in Drosophila eye development. CG4721 encodes a member of the neprilysin family of metalloproteases. Identification of novel genes involved in Drosophila eye development will enhance our understanding of the regulatory network existing between the eye transcription factors and signaling pathways. Given that the Drosophila eye regulatory network is at least partially conserved in vertebrates, understanding of this network will have implications in human health and disease treatment. Patterned specification is a term that can be used to describe the interplay between tissue-specific transcription factors and signaling pathways that is necessary for development of tissues and organs containing multiple cell types. For instance, during Drosophila eye development the Pax6 homolog Ey defines the organ type, while signaling pathways including Hh, Dpp and N contribute necessary spatial and temporal information by mediating cell-cell communication. At some level, transcription factors such as Ey cooperate with signaling-pathway-specific transcription factors to co-regulate appropriate patterns of transcription of genes responsible for organ development. A number of previous studies have used high-throughput methods to identify Ey/Pax6 targets in the developing Drosophila eye and in a number of contexts in vertebrates. However, none of these studies has examined the effect of signaling factors in the development of structures that require Pax6 function. An approach that combines analyses of Ey/Pax6 and signaling pathways will identify more of the genes important for eye development, thereby clarifying the nature of the eye transcriptome; provide clues as to the mechanisms by which the signaling and specification factors combine to regulate transcription during development. Infection of epithelial cells with RV leads to the initiation of the innate immune response involving type I and type III interferons, and expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Binding of IFNs to their receptors can occur in an autocrine or paracrine fashion, activating the JAKSTAT pathway to induce expression of more IFNs, stimulate the cellular antiviral machinery, and cause apoptosis of infected cells to limit spread of the viral infection.